Creating New Career Options for Officers in the U.S. Military : RAND Corporation , 2005
From the report: “Since 1947, the U.S. military has followed an “up-or-out” policy of personnel management, which requires that an officer be promoted within a certain period of time or leave the service. Th e policy was designed to encourage good performance, increase promotion opportunities, lower the average age of the service corps, and build a culture that defines success by promotion. Supporters argue that up-or-out weeds out antiquated or substandard officers, while others counter that it wastes the accumulated expertise of senior officers and reduces the overall experience level of the officer corps.”
Authors - et al., Schirmer, LevyRelated Resources